The last time I used BabelFish, I was in high school and it was still the 20th Century, so I have no clue if my answer is correct or not, but I'll say this: back then, BabelFish was shit, and I imagine it still is. It's a noble goal that the BabelFish team has, don't get me wrong, but they're still years away from being able to find a reliable way of translating English into non-SVO languages like Japanese, especially when languages such as Japanese have words whose meaning vary depending purely on the context in which they are used.
For example, the BabelFish engine would need to look at all of the other words in the sentence or paragraph before assigning a value to a particular Japanese word; but this creates a problem for the computer programmer who would need to write a program which would redundantly
retranslate the sentence and know
which specific words need to be adjusted and which ones need to be left the same. I'll give you a clear English example:
The ball was kicked off by Jane.
In this sentence, the word "ball" can either mean "a round orb" (like a basketball) or it can mean "a dance or gala assoc. with high society" (like Cinderella who went to the ball). The phrase "kicked off" can mean "knocked off of [something] with a foot or leg" (as in "the drink was kicked off into outer space") or it can mean "begun" (as in "let's get this party started! let's kick it off!").
BabelFish's task would be to discern the meaning of the words based on context. Unfortunately for BabelFish, there are several hindrances which prevent it from recognizing that this sentence means "a party was started by Jane":
- if it resorts to using the most common meaning of the word, then it would grab both incorrect meanings for the sentence of above, using orb instead of dance and punched but with the feet or legs instead of started or begun.
- if it tries to define "to kick off" as a separate verb from "to kick" (which would be correct -- they are different verbs as far as meaning is concerned), it encounters the problem of telling apart "to kick off" from "to kick off [preposition]". For example, the prepositional phrase "by Jane" follows "kicked off" in the sentence above, but the prepositional phrase "of the table" or "into outer space" could follow "kicked off" in sentences talking about kicking balls or drinks or bad guys with your feet.
I could list more things, but I think you appreciate the idea I'm trying to convey:
BabelFish will one day work beautifully, but until then, the programmers have only two options:
(1) program "brute force"-style and try to account for every single permutation of words in the English language. This is arithmetically suicidal: there are simply too many word combinations.
(2) program "pattern recognition"-style and try to create an engine which can discern grammar in a manner similar to the human mind, which also employs pattern recognition. But this is proving to be much more difficult than the late 20th century computer programmers had anticipated.
P.S. In this
specific example, the human brain recognizes (I presume) the following:
- "kicked off" must be followed by the directional prepositions such as "of," "from", "into" to be associated with a change in place, which in turn suggests "kicking" is foot-kicking and not initiation-kicking.
- "kicked off" followed by prepositions like "by" or "for" -- which establish the purpose of the action or the identity of the action-doer -- or conjunctions like "because" or "but" -- which force the previous clause to terminate in its conveyed ideas as the reader moves on to the following clause -- would steer the reader in the direction of assuming that this means "kicked off-initiated" and that "ball" therefore refers to the event, i.e. the social gathering.
- But even with these assumptions, we may still encounter pitfalls! Keep in mind all of the ambiguous words or sentences in English for which there may be no ambiguous counterpart in Japanese! When such words or sentences play key roles in puns or plot twists, everything can be ruined by a translator which picks the incorrect word in the target-language.